excess, surplusage, redundant, superfluous, supererogatory, spare, extra, supernumerary, unnecessary, unneeded, more...

deficit, shortage, scarcity, lack, insufficiency

budget surplus, trade surplus, surplus food, surplus labor, surplus energy, surplus money, more...

large, economic, current, agricultural, small, net, total, marketable, social, exportable, annual

excessive amount,   excess of,   more than enough of,   more than expected,   excess material,   over abundance,   more than is needed,   a little too much,   excess amount,   increased amount