Definitions from Wiktionary ( )

▸ adjective:  Uncomplicated; lacking complexity; taken by itself, with nothing added.
▸ adjective:  Easy; not difficult.
▸ adjective:  Without ornamentation; plain.
▸ adjective:  Free from duplicity; guileless, innocent, straightforward.
▸ adjective:  Undistinguished in social condition; of no special rank.
▸ adjective:  (archaic) Trivial; insignificant.
▸ adjective:  (now colloquial, euphemistic) Feeble-minded; foolish.
▸ adjective:  (heading, technical) Structurally uncomplicated.
▸ adjective:  (chemistry, pharmacology) Consisting of one single substance; uncompounded.
▸ adjective:  (algebra, loosely, of an algebraic structure) Being non-trivial, and admitting no proper non-trivial quotients.
▸ adjective:  (group theory, of a group) Being non-trivial, and having no proper non-trivial normal subgroups (equivalently, no proper non-trivial quotient groups).
▸ adjective:  (module theory, of a module) Being non-trivial, and having no proper non-trivial submodules (equivalently, no proper non-trivial quotient modules).
▸ adjective:  (ring theory, of a ring) Being non-zero, and having no proper non-zero two-sided ideals (equivalently, no proper non-trivial quotient rings). For commutative rings, this definition coincides with that of a field.
▸ adjective:  (universal algebra, of an algebraic structure) Containing more than one element, and such that the only congruences on the structure are the diagonal relation (the equivalence relation a≡b⟺a=b) and the universal relation (the equivalence relation such that a≡b for all a,b). Equivalently, containing more than one element and having no proper non-trivial quotient algebras.
▸ adjective:  (category theory, of an object in a category with a terminal object) Being non-isomorphic to the terminal object, and such that its only quotient objects (up to isomorphism) are the terminal object and itself.
▸ adjective:  (algebra, of a Lie algebra) Being non-abelian and having no proper non-zero ideals. (Note that this is non-equivalent to the usual algebra sense; in particular, the abelian Lie algebra of dimension 1 over any given field is non-trivial and has no proper non-zero ideals, but is by convention not considered simple.)
▸ adjective:  (mathematics, real analysis, measure theory, of a real-valued function) Equal to a finite linear combination of indicator functions on measurable sets.
▸ adjective:  (botany) Not compound, but possibly lobed.
▸ adjective:  Using steam only once in its cylinders, in contrast to a compound engine, where steam is used more than once in high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders. (of a steam engine)
▸ adjective:  (zoology) Consisting of a single individual or zooid; not compound.
▸ adjective:  (mineralogy) Homogenous.
▸ adjective:  (obsolete) Mere; not other than; being only.
▸ noun:  (pharmacology) A herbal preparation made from one plant, as opposed to something made from more than one plant.
▸ noun:  (obsolete, by extension) A physician.
▸ noun:  (logic) A simple or atomic proposition.
▸ noun:  (obsolete) Something not mixed or compounded.
▸ noun:  (weaving) A drawloom.
▸ noun:  (weaving) Part of the apparatus for raising the heddles of a drawloom.
▸ noun:  (Roman Catholicism) A feast which is not a double or a semidouble.
▸ verb:  (transitive, intransitive, archaic) To gather simples, i.e. medicinal herbs.

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